Fertilización con purín porcino: impacto sobre las lombrices de tierra en agricultura de secano

Alcira S. Valdez-Ibañez; Angela D. Bosch-Serra; Maria R. Yagüe-Carrasco

doi:10.18004/investig.agrar.2019.junio.1-10

Authors

Alcira S. Valdez-Ibañez Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Monseñor Guffanti y Las Residentes, Campus Universitario, PY-020101, San Pedro de Ycuamandyyú, Paraguay.
Angela D. Bosch-Serra Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agraria, Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Ciencias del Suelo, Universidad de Lleida. Avda. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, E-25198, Lleida, España.
Maria R. Yagüe-Carrasco Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentario. Finca El Encín, Autovía A-2. Km. 38,2 E-28800, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18004/investig.agrar.2019.junio.1-10%20

Keywords:

bioindicator, Lumbricidae, organic fertilizer, soil quality, winter cereal

Abstract

Earthworms play an important role in the maintenance of soil ecosystem services. Their presence and activity are influenced by agricultural practices as fertilization. The objective of this research was to identify earthworm species and to quantify their abundance and biomass in a field experiment where different fertilization strategies were applied for a period of 12 years. The experiment was carried out under a semiarid Mediterranean climate, in a fallow year of a rainfed cereal system. Fertilization strategies were based on pig slurries from fattening pigs (PE) and from sows (PM) at different fresh doses distributed in six treatments: three treatments only included PE (one rate was 30 t ha−1 yr−1 applied at pre-sowing, and the other two treatments received 40 and 60 t ha−1 yr−1 applied at cereal tillering), two treatments only included PM (60 and 90 t ha−1 yr−1 applied at cereal tillering) and the last, it combined PE and PM (30 t ha−1 yr−1 of PE at pre-sowing plus 90 t ha−1 yr−1 of PM at cereal tillering). Fertilization included a mineral fertilization treatment (0−FM) acting as a control. There were no variations in the abundance and biomass of earthworms registered according to the type of fertilization. Two earthworm species were identified. The endogeic species Koinodrilus roseus was the most abundant (80%−100%). The anecic species Nicodrilus trapezoides was not detected in plots receiving the two highest doses of PE at cereal tillering. The absence of N. trapezoides can be considered as a bioindicator of PE over-fertilization.

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