Sistemas de labranza del suelo y su efecto sobre cuatro variedades de algodón en Armero, Colombia

Rodolfo Lizcano Toledo; Diego German  Rojas Pareja; Javier Fernando  Osorio Saravia; Dilier  Olivera Viciedo; Maira Vannessa  Lizcano Toledo

doi:10.18004/investig.agrar.2022.junio.2401693

Autores

Rodolfo Lizcano Toledo Tolimense Institute of Technical Training Professional, Faculty of Engineering and Agro-industrial Science, Espinal. Universidad del Tolima. Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2797-0237
Diego German Rojas Pareja Universidad del Tolima. Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia.
Javier Fernando Osorio Saravia Universidad del Tolima. Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia.
Dilier Olivera Viciedo Federal University of Maranhão, Center of Environment and Agriculture Science. Chapadinha, Maranhão, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7975-9508
Maira Vannessa Lizcano Toledo Universidade Estadual Paulista, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Campus Sorocaba. Bairro Alto da Boa Vista Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4092-1838

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18004/investig.agrar.2022.junio.2401693

Palavras-chave:

Compactação, Gossipium herbarum, Gossipium herbarum, Tillage, microorganismos

Resumo

O algodão é uma cultura de grande importância económica em todo o mundo. Na Colômbia, as plantações aumentaram nos últimos anos; no entanto, existem práticas agronómicas que favorecem a degradação do solo. O objectivo do estudo era avaliar a resposta morfo-fisiológica e produtiva de quatro variedades de algodão sob o efeito de dois sistemas de lavoura em Armero-Guayabal, Colômbia. A investigação foi realizada no Centro Universitário Regional do Norte (CURDN) da Universidade de Tolima. O desenho experimental estava em parcelas subdivididas com blocos aleatorizados com quatro réplicas. Na parcela principal havia uma lavoura mínima (LM) e uma lavoura tradicional (LT) (reduzida para LM utilizando uma charrua de cinzel e uma lavoura com rotação do solo, utilizando uma grade e um ancinho para LT). As variedades utilizadas foram: RR, Nuopal RR, FM 9063 e FM9171Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis). Os resultados foram submetidos à Análise de Variância (ANOVA) e aos testes de comparação das médias Tukey e Bonferroni (p≤0.05). Os processos de rotação de gramíneas e oleaginosas, na gestão agronómica a longo prazo, apresentam alterações significativas na fertilidade potencial e efectiva do solo, bem como nos processos de conservação do solo, qualidade e saúde, numa área historicamente com problemas de solo devido a práticas de lavoura deficientes.

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