Aplicación de mezclas de herbicidas pre-emergentes como tecnología clave para un manejo eficiente de malezas en mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18004/investig.agrar.2026.e2801867Palabras clave:
Manihot esculenta, herbicidas preemergentes, control de maleza, eficacia agronómica, mezclas de herbicidasResumen
La mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) es un cultivo de gran importancia para la seguridad alimentaria nacional y representa una fuente fundamental de materia prima para las industrias almidoneras contribuyendo al ingreso económico del Paraguay. Posee amplia adaptación a diferentes condiciones edafoclimáticas, siendo estratégico para el desarrollo agroindustrial. Este trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar la eficacia de diferentes principios activos y sus combinaciones aplicados en preemergencia para el control de malezas en mandioca. Se implementó un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar con ocho tratamientos y tres repeticiones, en dos localidades de la Región Oriental de Paraguay. Los tratamientos fueron: Clomazone 50% (2,5 l ha-1) + Sulfentrazone 50% (0,5 l ha-1); Flumioxazina 48% (150 g ha-1) + Piroxasulfona 85%(200 g ha-1); Metalaclor 96% (2 l ha-1) + Flumioxazina 48% (150 g ha-1); Flumioxazina 48% (150 g ha-1) + Clamozone 50% (2,5 l ha-1); Flumioxazina 48% (150 g ha-1); Metalaclor (2 l ha-1); Piroxasulfona 85% (200 g ha-1) y un Testigo (Sin aplicación). La evaluación del control se realizó mediante la escala visual de ALAM (1974) a los 21 días después de la aplicación (DDA) y como variable principal para este estudio se consideró el porcentaje de control. Los datos fueron sometidos a ANOVA y prueba de Tukey (p ≤ 0,05). Los tratamientos con Clomazone + Sulfentrazone (99,53%), Flumioxazina + Piroxasulfona (99,1%) y Metalaclor + Flumioxazina (98,43%) mostraron control óptimo (≥91%), sin diferencias significativas entre ellos. La Flumioxazina sola y el Piroxasulfona solo presentaron control "Muy bueno" (89,33% y 88,67%, respectivamente), mientras que Metalaclor sola obtuvo control "Bueno" (78,33%). Las combinaciones de herbicidas con diferentes mecanismos de acción resultaron más efectivas que las aplicaciones individuales, destacándose las mezclas que incluyen Flumioxazina y Clomazone.Descargas
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Derechos de autor 2026 Amalio Ramón Mendoza González, Cosme Giménez Pedroso, Alberto Benítez, Elias Achucarro, Francisco Barboza, Francisco Barboza
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